In the bustling city of Istanbul, where ancient history and modern life coexist beautifully, Taksim Square and Istiklal Street stand as powerful symbols of culture, politics, and daily life. Known as the cultural heart of the city, this area has witnessed revolutions, celebrations, and transformations over the decades. Whether you’re visiting Istanbul for the first time or returning once again, understanding the history of Taksim and Istiklal will add new meaning to your journey.
What is Taksim Square?
Located in the Beyoğlu district on the European side of Istanbul, Taksim Square (Taksim Meydanı) is a central gathering place for locals and tourists alike. It’s not just a busy urban hub — it’s also a historic landmark that has shaped the social and political life of modern Turkey.
Origins of the Name “Taksim”
The word “Taksim” means “division” or “distribution” in Ottoman Turkish. During the Ottoman Empire, the square was the point where the main water lines from the Belgrade Forest were collected and then distributed to different parts of the city. A stone water reservoir (Taksim Maksemi), built in the 18th century, still stands today as a reminder of this function.
The Evolution of Taksim Square
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Taksim became a European-influenced part of the city. With the rise of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, the square took on new symbolic importance as a space for national unity and civic expression.
Notable Features of Taksim Square:
- The Republic Monument (Cumhuriyet Anıtı): Erected in 1928, this iconic statue commemorates the founding of the Turkish Republic and features Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the republic’s founder.
- Cultural Events and Protests: Over the years, Taksim has been the site of many major events, including concerts, New Year’s Eve celebrations, political rallies, and historical protests such as May Day and the Gezi Park protests of 2013.
- Metro Hub and Meeting Point: Today, it serves as one of the main transportation and social hubs in Istanbul.
Istiklal Street: A Journey Through Time
Running from Taksim Square to Galata Tower, Istiklal Caddesi (Independence Avenue) is one of Istanbul’s most famous pedestrian streets. Stretching over 1.4 kilometers, this historic avenue is lined with 19th-century buildings, European-style architecture, art galleries, bookstores, boutiques, and cafés.
A Brief History of Istiklal Street
- Ottoman Era: During the late Ottoman Empire, Istiklal Street was known as “Grand Rue de Péra” and was home to embassies, churches, and Levantine families. It had a distinctly cosmopolitan air, with influences from French, Italian, Armenian, Greek, and Jewish communities.
- Republican Era: After the founding of the Republic, the street was renamed Istiklal Caddesi to honor Turkey’s War of Independence.
- Modern Times: Though it went through periods of decline in the 1980s and 90s, recent renovations and restorations have revived its charm, making it one of the city’s top destinations.
The Nostalgic Tram
One of the most beloved symbols of Istiklal Street is the nostalgic red tram that travels from Taksim Square to Tünel Square. This vintage tram is not only a means of transport — it’s a photo favorite and a nod to the street’s past. Riding it is a great way to soak in the historic ambiance.
Culture, Food, and Life on Istiklal
Istiklal is more than a street — it’s a living museum of Istanbul’s soul. On any given day, you’ll find:
- Street musicians and performers
- Art exhibitions and cinemas
- Churches and synagogues, like St. Anthony of Padua and the Neve Shalom Synagogue
- Cultural centers, including the Atatürk Cultural Center (AKM) and the historic Çiçek Pasajı
And, of course, it’s a paradise for food lovers, offering everything from Turkish street food to international cuisine.
Final Words: Feel the History While You Walk
Taksim Square and Istiklal Street are more than just places to visit — they are spaces to feel, walk, taste, and reflect. With every step, you’re walking through layers of Istanbul’s history — from Ottoman grandeur and European influence to republican pride and modern vibrance.
If you find yourself walking along Istiklal Caddesi, take a break and join us at Shamse Restaurant, located at No. 179 B1, Beyoğlu. Recognized by many visitors as one of the Best Restaurant in Istanbul, Shamse offers a unique dining experience with authentic flavors of Iran.
Here, our chefs prepare traditional recipes with saffron, rosewater, and passion for hospitality, making it the perfect stop if you’re searching for a truly authentic Persian restaurant in the heart of the city.
Come and enjoy the warm atmosphere, elegant Persian décor, and unforgettable dishes — we look forward to welcoming you!